Publikationer

Etlas publikationer publiceras vanligtvis på finska och engelska.

Akademiska publikationer

Designing Net Asset-Based Income-Splitting Rules under Dual Income Tax

Kari SeppoRopponen Olli
This article revisits the income-splitting regulations within the Nordic dual income tax framework. These regulations were introduced to counteract
Akademiska publikationer

Effect of Secondary Education on Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills

Ollikainen Jani-PetteriPekkarinen TuomasUusitalo RoopeVirtanen Hanna
We examine the effects of secondary education on cognitive and non-cognitive skills using admission cutoffs to general secondary schools.
Promemoria 148

Population of Finland, 2025–2070

Alho JuhaValkonen Tarmo
A cohort-component forecast is based on assumptions regarding future fertility, mortality and net migration. In the trend forecast at
Rapporter 156

R&D Activities in the Machinery and Equipment Industry

Ali-Yrkkö JyrkiPajarinen Mika
The machinery and equipment industry accounts for one-third of the R&D activities in the Finnish manufacturing sector. Since 2017,
Promemoria 147

Innovation-led Pathways to Economic Growth

Koski HeliKuosmanen NataliaKuusi Tero
This brief presents key findings from Etla’s “Innovation-Driven Pathways to Economic Growth” project, which deepen the understanding of the
Rapporter 155

Service Offshoring, Productivity and Employment

Maczulskij TerhiKässi Otto
Abstract This study utilizes unique Finnish firm-level microdata on service imports, productivity, and employment during the 2002–2016 period. We
Promemoria 146

Immigration to Finland: Need, Volume and Effects

Kangasharju Aki
This memorandum summarises recent research findings on the effects of immigration to Finland. Analysed research papers are published mainly
Promemoria 145

Finland Has Good Potential to Succeed in Attracting Foreign Talent

Kauhanen Antti
The number of foreign experts arriving in Finland has been growing in the 2000s. Finland is thus able to
Rapporter 154

Skilled Foreign Workers in Finland

Kauhanen AnttiMaczulskij TerhiRiukula KristaRopponen Olli
This report deals with foreign talent in Finland. The report begins by discussing Finland’s attractiveness from the perspective of
Rapporter 153

Innovation Cooperation and Its Outcomes in Finnish-owned and Foreign-owned Firms

Ali-Yrkkö JyrkiPajarinen MikaYlhäinen Ilkka
This study examines the outcomes of firms’ innovation cooperation activities. Using data from the Community Innovation Survey (CIS), we
Working Papers 122

Impact of Acquistions by Foreign Companies on Innovation Activities

Ali-Yrkkö JyrkiKauhanen Antti
This study examines the impact of foreign acquisitions on innovation activities in Finnish target firms using comprehensive linked employer-employee
Akademiska publikationer

Knowledge Spillovers from Superstar Tech Firms: The Case of Nokia

Ali-Yrkkö JyrkiCherif RedaHasanov FuadKuosmanen NataliaPajarinen Mika
Do workers hired from superstar tech firms contribute to better firm performance? To address this question, we analyse the
Akademiska publikationer

Concurrent Trajectories of Objectively Measured Insufficient Recovery and Workload Among a Cohort of Shift Working Hospital Employees: Quantitative Empirical Research

Ropponen AnninaHirvonen MariaKuusi TeroHärmä Mikko
Aim: To investigate concurrent changes in short shift intervals (< 11 h) and workload among hospital employees. Design and
Working Papers 121

Assessing Early Labor Market Effects of Generative AI – Evidence from Population Data

Kauhanen AnttiRouvinen Petri
This study examines the short-term impact of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on employment and wages using data covering all
Promemoria 144

Generative Artificial Intelligence: Observations from a Fall 2024 Survey

Kauhanen AnttiKässi OttoPajarinen MikaRouvinen PetriVanhala Pekka
Half of Finns have tried generative artificial intelligence (AI). Among the employed, thirty percent have used generative artificial intelligence
Promemoria 143

The Effects of Generative AI Are Not Yet Visible in the Labor Market: Wages in the Most Exposed Occupations Have Rather Risen

Kauhanen AnttiRouvinen Petri
The labor market implications of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) have been discussed since the launch of ChatGPT. So far,
Rapporter 152

5G in the Era of Geoeconomics: Playbook for Finland?

Rouvinen PetriAli-Vehmas TimoHarakka TimoHyvärinen NinaKoski HeliKässi OttoLakaniemi IlkkaMäki DenisaThorén Kent
As compared to the earlier generations of mobile communications (1G to 4G), the fifth one (5G) is a major
Promemoria 142

Reflections on the Assumptions of Finland’s Population Forecast in the Exceptional Year of 2024

Alho Juha
The updating of the Statistics Finland population forecast occurred in an exceptionally difficult circumstance, in 2024. What would be
Promemoria 141

Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Immigration

Kauhanen AnttiDeVaro Jed
This brief examines the economic impacts of skilled immigration on firms, innovation, and labour markets. Research shows that skilled
Promemoria 140

Economic Impacts of High-Skilled Immigration

Kauhanen AnttiDeVaro Jed
This brief examines the economic impacts of skilled immigration on firms, innovation, and labour markets. Research shows that skilled
Promemoria 139

Suomen listaamattomien yhtiöiden verojärjestelmän rakenne kohdallaan – Yksityiskohtia olisi aihetta pohtia

Ropponen Olli
The purpose of this brief is, on the one hand, to shed light on the key features of the
Akademiska publikationer

Trade Flows, Carbon Leakage, and the EU Emissions Trading System

Wang MariaKuusi Tero
The EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS) has been shown to have reduced emissions in the participating countries and
Working Papers 120

Estimating the Labour Market Impacts of Transport Projects in Finland

Riukula KristaVäänänen Touko
Effects on labour market outcomes are often referred to when discussing the wider economic benefits of transport projects. However,
Akademiska publikationer

How Are Green Jobs Created? A Decomposition Analysis

Maczulskij Terhi
This study provides novel evidence on the ‘greening’ of occupational structure using comprehensive employment data from Finland. The results

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