Publications

Reports 163

Public Sector Wage-Setting: Can an Export-Led Labour Market Model Be Created in Finland?

Kauhanen Antti
The Finnish labour market model has been undergoing a transformation since 2007, and the role of the public sector
Briefs 158

Ex-Nokians Eagerly Became Entrepreneurs and Business Angels: Nokia Experience Fueled Rapid Growth of Startups’ Turnovers

Rouvinen PetriBreznitz DanPajarinen Mika
This brief examines entrepreneurship and business angel activity in Finland following the challenges Nokia’s mobile telephony business faced in
Briefs 157

Public Finance Perspective from Recent Studies on Finnish Pharmaceutical Markets

Jokelainen AnttoMarkkanen JaakkoSiikanen MarkkuToivanen Otto
Petteri Orpo’s government program plans to reform pharmaceutical and pharmacy regulation in Finland. In this memo, we review some
Reports 162

A Clean Tariff? Effects and Challenges of EU CBAM

Kaitila VilleKuusi TeroPajarinen MikaWang Maria
This study examines the impacts of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) on corporate costs, adaptation strategies,
Reports 161

Finnish Business Finance in European Comparison: Money is Not the Key Bottleneck to Economic Growth

Rouvinen PetriYlhäinen Ilkka
Finnish businesses face fewer financial challenges than their European peers. To the extent financial challenges do exist, they disproportionately
Briefs 156

The Long-term Effects of Finland’s Recession of the 1990s on Mortality

Maczulskij Terhi
Job loss is one of the most significant negative shocks experienced by an individual. Job loss can lead to
Academic Publications

Effect of Secondary Education on Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skills

Ollikainen Jani-PetteriPekkarinen TuomasUusitalo RoopeVirtanen Hanna
We examine the effects of secondary education on cognitive and non-cognitive skills using admission cutoffs to general secondary schools.
Working Papers 127

Service Industries, Capital Intensity, and Labour Productivity

Kaitila Ville
We analyse the development of labour productivity in five service industries in Europe, the United States, and Japan. Vis-à-vis
Briefs 155

US Tariffs Would Seriously Hit the Finnish Economy

Ali-Yrkkö Jyrki
The United States has proposed large tariff increases, which will probably also apply to the EU. The majority of
Briefs 154

Productivity at its Highest at an Intermediate Intensity of Work from Home

Kangasharju AkiKauhanen AnttiPajarinen MikaRouvinen Petri
We examine the relationship between remote work intensity and labor productivity using a survey of Finnish business leaders conducted
Briefs 153

The Impact of Economic Crises on Intangible Investments: Why Did Intangible Investment Decline in Finland?

Kässi Otto
This research note examines the impact of economic crises on intangible investments, with a particular focus on why the
Reports 160

What is Obstructing the Growth of Finnish Companies?

Laurikka Annu
The study examines the relationship between firm size and its management’s subjectively perceived growth constraints and financing limitations. Additionally,
Academic Publications

Micro-level Structural Change Decomposition of Carbon Productivity: Application to Electricity Generation in Finland

Kuosmanen NataliaKuosmanen TimoMaczulskij Terhi
The transition to renewable energy can lead to major structural changes within the energy sector: climate policies encourage the
Academic Publications

Causally-informative analyses of the effect of job displacement on all-cause and specific-cause mortality from the 1990s Finnish recession until 2020: A population registry study of private sector employees

Zellers StephanieAzzi ElissarLatvala AnttiKaprio JaakkoMaczulskij Terhi
Background: Job loss is related to morbidity and mortality, but generation of causal evidence is challenging due to confounding
Working Papers 126

Hiring the First Non-native Worker and Exports

Maczulskij Terhi
This study examines whether non-native workers contribute to firms’ export growth, using matched data spanning nearly three decades and
Academic Publications

Firm Responses to an Interest Barrier: Empirical Evidence

Harju JarkkoKauppinen IlpoRopponen Olli
In this paper, we study the effects of an interest barrier (IB) that was introduced in Finland in 2014
Briefs 152

Finnish Trade Sector Shows Recent Productivity Gains – Future Success Hinges on Intangible Investments

Rouvinen PetriPajarinen MikaAli-Yrkkö Jyrki
We analyze value added, productivity, and tangible and intangible investments in the retail and wholesale trade sectors (hereafter, ”trade”)
Academic Publications

Optimal Resource Allocation: Convex Quantile Regression Approach

Dai ShengKuosmanen NataliaKuosmanen TimoLiesiö Juuso
Optimal allocation of resources across sub-units in the context of centralized decision-making systems such as bank branches or supermarket
Reports 159

Moving Faster towards a Circular Economy: A Review of Policies and Indicators

Kuusela Olli-PekkaRopponen Olli
Finland’s Strategic Programme for a Circular Economy seeks to increase both resource productivity and circular material use rate twofold
Other publications

Productivity Development in the Private Sector Services in Finland and Sweden – What Explains the Differences?

Koski Heli
The level of labor productivity in the Finnish services sector has been lower and growing more slowly than in
Reports 158

Economy at a Standstill: The Problem of High Marginal Tax Rates in Finland

Kuusi TeroKotamäki MauriKirkko-Jaakkola Mikael
Our analysis indicates that high marginal tax rates may diminish economic activity and weaken public finances in Finland. The
Academic Publications

Winners and Losers of Generative AI: Early Evidence of Shifts in Freelancer Demand

Teutloff OleEinsiedler JohannaKässi OttoBraesemann FabianMishkin Pameladel Rio-Chanona R. Maria
We examine how ChatGPT has changed the demand for freelancers in jobs where generative AI tools can act as
Reports 157

The Behavioral Effects of Inheritance, Estate and Gift Taxes

Ropponen Olli
This report examines the behavioral effects of inheritance, estate and gift taxes. It also provides an overview of inheritance,
Books

Industrial Organization Studies on Pharmaceutical Markets

Markkanen Jaakko
This thesis comprises three unpublished essays. The first essay analyzes the effectiveness of consumer choice policies in the Nordic

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