Latest
Latest
News and press releases
Columns
Events
Publications
All publications
Reports
Books
Briefs
Working Papers
Academic Publications
Other publications
Forecasting
Research
Selected research
Macroeconomy and public finances
Labour market and education
Growth, international trade and competition
Business renewal
Personnel
All Personnel
Researchers
Management
Communication and other services
Etla
About Etla
Goal
Organisation
History
Contact information
Fi
Eng
Sv
Search the site
Publications
Reports
Books
Briefs
Working Papers
Academic Publications
Other publications
25.04.2023
Working Papers
105
The Effects of the Decentralization of Collective Bargaining on Wages and Wage Dispersion: Evidence from the Finnish Forest and IT Industries
Kauhanen Antti
Recently, Finnish forest industries shifted from sectoral collective bargaining to firm-level bargaining, and the IT services industry shifted
to
21.04.2023
Publications
Working Papers
104
Renewal of Companies Through Product Switching
Kuosmanen Natalia
Valmari Nelli
The past few decades have witnessed a slowdown in productivity growth in many advanced economies, including
Finland.
18.04.2023
Publications
Working Papers
103
Do Grocery Feedback Systems Enabling Access to Past Consumption Impact Individual Food Purchase Behavior?
Koski Heli
Kuikkaniemi Kai
Pantzar Mika
This article empirically explores whether and how providing consumers with detailed access to their past food purchase data
at
12.04.2023
Briefs
120
The Devil Is in the Details – Finnish Companies in the Vortex of International Tax Reforms
Ropponen Olli
Viertola Marika
Kari Seppo
Valkonen Tarmo
International corporate tax system does not succeed very well in taxing the cross-border business of the multinational enterprises.
Therefore,
12.04.2023
Reports
138
Finnish Companies in the Vortex of International Tax Reforms
Ropponen Olli
Viertola Marika
Kari Seppo
Valkonen Tarmo
International corporate tax system does not succeed very well in taxing the cross-border business of the multinational enterprises.
Therefore,
11.04.2023
Working Papers
102
Five Countries, Five Models – A Comparison of Fiscal Frameworks and Lessons for Finland
Begg Iain
Kuusi Tero
Kylliäinen Olavi
In recent years, many countries have sought to transform their fiscal frameworks, with the aim of rendering their
public
05.04.2023
Other publications
General Government Fiscal Frameworks and Their Development Needs in Finland
Kuusi Tero
Kuusela Olli-Pekka
Puonti Päivi
Ropponen Olli
Valkonen Tarmo
Vihriälä Vesa
This report assesses the Finnish fiscal framework, especially from the perspective of the role and development of the
spending
31.03.2023
Working Papers
101
Breakthrough Innovations and Productivity: An International Perspective
Kuusi Tero
Nevavuo Jenni
In this paper, we shed new light on the productivity impact of breakthrough patents, as well as their
role
30.03.2023
Reports
137
Imports of Services and Offshoring
Ali-Yrkkö Jyrki
Kuosmanen Natalia
According to our results the imports of services to Finland have increased. The share of services in total
imports
27.03.2023
Other publications
Macroeconomic Impact of Climate Change on Public Finances
Valkonen Tarmo
Kuusi Tero
Pohjola Johanna
Sillanaukee Otso
Kuusela Olli-Pekka
Lehmus Markku
Lintunen Jussi
Sarkia Katri
Fronzek Stefan
This project provided an overall picture of the effects of climate change and mitigation on the sustainability and
risks
14.03.2023
Academic Publications
Assessing Components of Uncertainty in Demographic Forecasts with an Application to Fiscal Sustainability
Alho Juha
Lassila Jukka
When the future evolution of demographic processes is described in a stochastic setting, the challenge is to communicate
the
13.03.2023
Other publications
Trade Barriers in International Trade
Ali-Yrkkö Jyrki
Kaitila Ville
Kuusi Tero
Pajarinen Mika
Companies quite often face trade barriers in their international operations. According to our survey results, 41 per cent
of
08.03.2023
Reports
136
The Number of Employed Immigrants Has Increased in Finland
Kangasharju Aki
Kauhanen Antti
Kalmbach Aino
Valkonen Tarmo
The decline of working age population makes it difficult to find employees. In this report we analyze the
evolution
06.03.2023
Briefs
119
Did Digitalization Increase the Resilience of Societies During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Kässi Otto
Ali-Yrkkö Jyrki
Hirvonen Johannes
Pajarinen Mika
The gross domestic product of countries with high levels of digitalization decreased less during the first year of
the
27.02.2023
Working Papers
100
Inter-industry and Intra-industry Switching as Sources of Productivity Growth: Structural Change of Finland’s ICT Industries
Kuosmanen Natalia
Kuosmanen Timo
Structural change is an important driver of productivity growth at the aggregate level. While previous productivity decompositions account
for
23.02.2023
Other publications
AI Diffusion Monitoring among S&P500 Companies: Empirical Results and Methodological Advancements
Mucha Tomasz
Seppälä Timo
With the increasing pace of digital technology innovation and commercialization, monitoring commercial diffusion of technologies becomes more important
for
21.02.2023
Reports
135
Are Global Value Chains Changing?
Ali-Yrkkö Jyrki
Hirvonen Johannes
Pajarinen Mika
According to a company survey, global value chains are changing. Even though big changes were expected during the
Covid
14.02.2023
Reports
134
Efficiency and Well-being at Work – with Knowledge Towards Balanced Work
Kuusi Tero
Kulvik Martti
Härmä Mikko
Ropponen Annina
This project investigated how register data on daily working hours and hospital patients can be used to measure
the
08.02.2023
Briefs
118
Tools to Promote Productivity in Finland
Koski Heli
Maliranta Mika
We present an overview of the recent productivity development in Finland. In particular, we focus on what distinguishes
companies
07.02.2023
Reports
133
Study on Completing Multiple Higher Education Degrees in Finland
Virtanen Hanna
Vanhala Pekka
This brief provides descriptive evidence on completion of multiple higher education degrees in Finland. In the year 2020, there
were
03.02.2023
Reports
132
Immigration and the Adequacy of Labor Force – Evaluation of the Economic Effects
Alho Juha
Kangasharju Aki
Lassila Jukka
Valkonen Tarmo
This Report analyzes the impacts of population ageing on the Finnish economy and the possibilities to avoid its
negative
16.01.2023
Other publications
EU’s Fiscal Framework – Identified Shortcomings and Proposed Remedies
Puonti Päivi
Fiscal rules seek to limit the tendency of governments to run deficits, to steer them towards countercyclical and
sustainable
13.12.2022
Briefs
117
What Explains the Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions of the Finland’s Manufacturing Sector?
Kuosmanen Natalia
Maczulskij Terhi
Energy-intensive industry is one of the largest sources of greenhouse gas emissions in Finland: its share in the
total
13.12.2022
Working Papers
99
The Role of Firm Dynamics in the Green Transition: Carbon Productivity Decomposition in Finnish Manufacturing
Kuosmanen Natalia
Maczulskij Terhi
This paper investigates the importance of firm dynamics, including entry and exit and the allocation of carbon emissions
across
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
…
78