Productive investments in Finland have long been lagging behind the euro area and Sweden. Finland's R&D intensity (R&D expenditure / GDP) has also fallen during this decade. The project analyzes Finland's intangible and tangible investments in relation to other

The Government has set a goal of research, development and innovation inputs to increase to 4 % by 2030. The objective is very ambitious. Achieving it requires remarkable and properly targeted substantial efforts in both private and public sector.

The consortium Tackling Biases and Bubbles in Participation (BIBU) builds a novel multidisciplinary research setting that explores the dynamics of citizenship in Finland. We study Finland as a testing ground for globalisation, exploring how worldwide changes affect citizens’ political

The European Union (EU) has increasingly introduced sanctions as a political tool in the 2010s, also directed against neighbor super power and key trading partner Russia. As the global competition tightens with the emphasis on both geopolitics and geoeconomics

The foreclosure system guarantees creditors that at least part of the debts will be paid back. On the other hand, a person with low-income loses significant portion of his or her income to foreclosure upon foreclosure, which weakens his

The aim of this research project is to open and explain questions related to assessment of the cost of national defense. This project studies earlier economic research on national defense assessment and with the help of simplified example calculation

Statistics Finland, Finlands Bank and Etla Economic Research have developed modeling based on nowcasting methods which are used to model certain monitored economic indicators using other, rapidly updated data sources. Tourism is a cyclical phenomenon where changes can be

Population is currently aging in Finland due to low birth-rates and longer life expectancy. Net immigration is insufficient to compensate low brith-rates and so the number of working-age people is shrinking. Even though the continuation of aging is very

Hundreds of millions of euros are spend on adult education in Finland each year. In Finland it is hardly known whether adult education is improving employment, adapting to job revolution or development of earnings. This project is extensively exploring

This study, carried out as a consortium between Aalto University, ETLA Economic Research, Finnish Institute for health and welfare and VATT Institute for Economic Research, assesses what costs in out-patient medicines, how the prices of medicines can be influenced

The purpose of this research project is to evaluate and recognise possibilities to both utilize EU's financial instruments for the development of Finland's growth companies financial markets and possibilities to replace business aids with more market-conform solution. The focus

The project comprises a comprehensive impact study shedding light on how Business Finland (BF) has succeeded in achieving the objectives associated with innovation and business subsidy funding and global network services. Compared to previous evaluations, the goal is further