Etla - research to support policy-making

Research activities focus on two thematic areas

Impact of Economic Policy. The aim is to find out how economic policy can promote competition between companies, improve operating conditions in Finland and boost the competitiveness of Finnish production on the world market.

Impact of Major Movements (Megatrends). Research examines the effects of key major movements (megatrends) on operating conditions in the business sector and the preconditions of Finland’s economic policy.

Research is carried out in four research groups

ETLA Economic Research is engaged in applied economic research with emphasis on questions central to the Finnish economy and business sector.

Labour market and education

Labour market and education

The focus of labour market and education research is the transformation taking place in work and adaptations to it. Technological development, globalisation and demographic changes affect the labour market in many ways and pose challenges to labour force and education policy. This research group investigates these phenomena thoroughly.

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Growth, international trade and competition

Growth, international trade and competition

This research group examines the effects of competition, digitalisation and the data economy, as well as public sector actions such as policy run regulations and how they affect on company strategy, commercial innovations and market operations. One particular topic of interest is what opportunities are available through innovation-driven growth in Finland and what measures could be taken to promote growth. The group also studies how export companies become successful as well as trade policy changes and their economic effects.

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Macroeconomy and public finances

Macroeconomy and public finances

The main focus of public finance research is on issues related to the funding of social security and the division of labour between the private and public sectors. Economic policy is analysed with an emphasis on, the sustainability of public finances and the creation and evaluation of related operational strategies. From a macroeconomic perspective, the group studies the development of both the Finnish economy as a whole and the overall global economy and their effects on Finnish business life.

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Business renewal

Business renewal

The studies deal with the renewal of businesses, industries, and the national economy. Currently, the most significant issues relate to geopolitics and its impact on businesses and industrial policy. Often, the focus is on discontinuities and transitions in corporate structures. Almost every project involves collaboration with companies or other stakeholders.

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Selected research

Research began 2025 Research ends 2026

Population ageing, changes in the labour market and tightening public finances highlight the need to allocate educational resources as productively as possible. For this reason, educational provision must meet labour market needs and ensure efficient transitions between levels of

Research began 2025 Research ends 2027

Promoting gender pay equality is one of the most important equality issues in working life. The goal of the 2024–2027 Equal Pay Programme is to narrow the gender pay gap to 14.5 percent by 2027. There is still some

Research began 2025 Research ends 2026

The main objective of this project is to study the effects of public spending cuts and tax increases on gross domestic product (GDP) in Finland by type of expenditure and tax, i.e. to calculate the so-called fiscal policy coefficients,

Research began 2025 Research ends 2027

We combine an investigation of the macroeconomics of R&D policy with a study of innovative firms and the role of innovative individuals. We review the literature on the causal effects of public R&D funding and investigate its effects on

Research began 2025 Research ends 2027

Finland has strong fundamentals in terms of education, research and development and the quality of its institutions. Despite this, Finland’s productivity growth has slowed significantly since the financial crisis and has diverged from other Nordic countries. The main reason

Research began 2025 Research ends 2027

This research project provides a framework for Finnish innovation and industrial policy thinking. The need for a new framework is rooted in the transition from the previous era of “great moderation” globalization to the current era of geoeconomics defined

Research began 2025 Research ends 2025

The operational landscape for Nordic countries and other small open economies is undergoing significant changes due to rising geopolitical tensions, heightened trade barriers, and increased business subsidies from larger nations. In this new era, the interdependencies and operational reliability

Research began 2025 Research ends 2025

The goal of this project is to assess the economic significance of whether it is possible to meet the workforce needs of the technology industry sector. An estimate of the structure and amount of skilled workers needed in the

Research began 2025 Research ends 2025

This research project investigates the extent to which entrepreneurs who have sold their companies use their assets and expertise to establish and finance new companies. In addition, this project investigates the effects of capital and the experience of previous

Research began 2025 Research ends 2025

This research project compares the magnitudes of the harm caused to the economy by different tax forms. Based on the results of the project, recommendations are offered towards a more efficient tax system that is less harmful to economic

Research began 2024 Research ends 2026

5G and 6G technologies are not only essential for promoting Europe's digital transformation, but are also linked to economic growth, strategic autonomy and security. The rapidly evolving geopolitical and technological landscape is reshaping the global mobile industry. The research

Research began 2024 Research ends 2026

The project widens the impact assessments of taxation to the tax system. The clearest lack of knowledge is the empirical literature's focus on the short-term effects of marginal taxes (forgetting the longer-term, broader effects. With the help of research,