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1.1.1997
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Pension Policies and International Capital Mobility
Jukka Lassila Heikki Palm Tarmo Valkonen
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Reprints 215
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Engelska
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16.12.2025
Publikationer
Promemoria
170
Fiscal Consolidation in Finland: Lessons from International Research and Preconditions for Success
Tervala Juha
Puonti Päivi
Finland’s public finances are chronically in deficit, and the debt-to-GDP ratio continues to rise. The current government has
already
16.12.2025
Publikationer
Rapporter
171
Fiscal Multipliers and the Effects of Consolidation Measures in Finland: Literature Review
Tervala Juha
Puonti Päivi
The chronic fiscal deficits of Finland and the continuous increase of the public debt-to-GDP ratio are likely to
require
10.12.2025
Publikationer
Promemoria
169
From Networks to Data: Europe’s Competitiveness Challenges in the 6G Era
Koski Heli
Rouvinen Petri
The focus of next-generation mobile network development has shifted from infrastructure to data, software, and innovation ecosystems. Leading
firms
10.12.2025
Publikationer
Rapporter
170
The Global 5G/6G Race: Regulation, Markets, and Innovation Dynamics
Koski Heli
Rouvinen Petri
This report examines the global race for 5G and 6G leadership through a comparative analysis of regulation, R&D
investment,
