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2.3.1993
Books
Publications
Foreign Exchange Dealing. Essays on the Microstructure of the Foreign Exchange Market
Suvanto Antti
Publication info
Series
ETLA A 19
Pages
132
Price
22.35 €
Availability of print version
Available
Language
English
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Download (English)
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What's New
24.09.2025
Publications
Briefs
164
Bottlenecks in the Development of the Finnish Private Service Sector: How to Accelerate Productivity?
Kuosmanen Natalia
Kaitila Ville
Kuusi Tero
Maczulskij Terhi
Productivity growth in Finland’s service industries has fallen behind that of peer countries, weakening the economy’s growth potential.
This
24.09.2025
Publications
Reports
167
Productivity in the Finnish Service Industries: Capital Intensity, Labor Allocation, Digitalization, Offshoring and Generative AI
Kuosmanen Natalia
Kaitila Ville
Kuusi Tero
Kässi Otto
Maczulskij Terhi
Pajarinen Mika
This report examines the factors shaping productivity in Finland’s private service industries. Specifically, we focus on the link
between
19.09.2025
Publications
Working Papers
133
Are Firms Hiring Enough Workers? Firm-level Evidence from Finland’s Manufacturing and Service Industries
Kuosmanen Natalia
Kuosmanen Timo
Pajarinen Mika
Microeconomic theory posits that in competitive markets, wages are determined by the marginal revenue product of labor. This
study
17.9.2025
Latest
News and press releases
Etla has lowered its growth forecast for the current year, stating that ‘the weakest link in growth is now household consumption’
The Finnish economy's promising growth has unexpectedly halted this year. Consequently, Etla Economic Research has lowered its forecast,
predicting
