Latest
Latest
News and press releases
Columns
Events
Publications
All publications
Reports
Books
Briefs
Working Papers
Academic Publications
Other publications
Forecasting
Research
Selected research
Macroeconomy and public finances
Labour market and education
Growth, international trade and competition
Business renewal
Personnel
All Personnel
Researchers
Management
Communication and other services
Etla
About Etla
Goal
Organisation
History
Contact information
Fi
Eng
Sv
Search the site
1990
Other publications
Publications
Testing the Order of Differencing in Quarterly Data: An Illustration of the Testing Sequence
Ilmakunnas Pekka
Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 52, No. 1, 1990, 79-88.
Publication info
Series
Reprints 137
Date
1990
Availability of print version
Language
English
Previous
Next
What's New
28.04.2025
Publications
Reports
163
Public Sector Wage-Setting: Can an Export-Led Labour Market Model Be Created in Finland?
Kauhanen Antti
The Finnish labour market model has been undergoing a transformation since 2007, and the role of the public
sector
22.04.2025
Publications
Briefs
158
Ex-Nokians Eagerly Became Entrepreneurs and Business Angels: Nokia Experience Fueled Rapid Growth of Startups’ Turnovers
Rouvinen Petri
Breznitz Dan
Pajarinen Mika
This brief examines entrepreneurship and business angel activity in Finland following the challenges Nokia’s mobile telephony business faced
in
17.04.2025
Publications
Briefs
157
Public Finance Perspective from Recent Studies on Finnish Pharmaceutical Markets
Jokelainen Antto
Markkanen Jaakko
Siikanen Markku
Toivanen Otto
Petteri Orpo’s government program plans to reform pharmaceutical and pharmacy regulation in Finland. In this memo, we review
some
15.04.2025
Publications
Reports
162
A Clean Tariff? Effects and Challenges of EU CBAM
Kaitila Ville
Kuusi Tero
Pajarinen Mika
Wang Maria
This study examines the impacts of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) on corporate costs, adaptation
strategies,
