--- title: "DemoGraphics – Population in Pictures" authors: - name: "Alho, Juha" date_published: "2026-04-15" series: "ETLA Working Papers" series_number: "138" issn: - "2323-2420" - "2323-2439" jel_codes: - "J11" - "J12" - "J13" language: "fi" publisher: "ETLA Economic Research" pdf_url: "https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/ETLA-Working-Papers-138.pdf" identifier: "https://www.etla.fi/julkaisut/id/ETLA-Working-Papers-138" abstract_translations: en: "The recent drastic decline of fertility has further worsened the negative intrinsic growth of Finland. The country appears to be on a path towards decline. Net migration has kept the actual growth positive, especially because the migrants are younger than the receiving population. Their fertility has also been markedly higher. However, new data show that the fertility of the recent migrants has declined to the low level of native Finns. Graphics is used to describe the structure and development of Finland’s population. Short commentaries are associated with each of the approximately thirty figures. Aspects of population development that tend to be ignored in public discussion, are highlighted. Individual’s perspective is emphasized. Technical language is avoided, and there are no mathematical formulas. A short list of demographic terms, a list of suitable references, and details of the Statistics Finland source data, are provided." --- # DemoGraphics – Population in Pictures **Published:** 2026-04-15 **Categories:** Working Papers **URL:** https://www.etla.fi/en/publications/working-papers-en/demografiikka-vaestokuvasto/ #### Abstract The recent drastic decline of fertility has further worsened the negative intrinsic growth of Finland. The country appears to be on a path towards decline. Net migration has kept the actual growth positive, especially because the migrants are younger than the receiving population. Their fertility has also been markedly higher. However, new data show that the fertility of the recent migrants has declined to the low level of native Finns. Graphics is used to describe the structure and development of Finland’s population. Short commentaries are associated with each of the approximately thirty figures. Aspects of population development that tend to be ignored in public discussion, are highlighted. Individual’s perspective is emphasized. Technical language is avoided, and there are no mathematical formulas. A short list of demographic terms, a list of suitable references, and details of the Statistics Finland source data, are provided. --- ## Additional Information **Kirjoittajat:** Alho, Juha **Kansikuva:** https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/etla-working-papers-138-kansi.jpg **Lataa Pdf:** https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/ETLA-Working-Papers-138.pdf **Key Words:** Fertility, Age distribution, Mortality, Migration, Population development, Finland **Jel:** J11, J12, J13 **Paivays:** 15.04.2026 **Sivuja:** 70 **Kieli:** fi **Sarja:** ETLA Working Papers **Sarja Nro:** 138 **Issn:** 2323-2420, 2323-2439 (Pdf) **Saatavuus:** 2 ## Bibliographic metadata (JSON-LD) ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", "@id": "https://www.etla.fi/julkaisut/id/ETLA-Working-Papers-138", "headline": "DemoGraphics – Population in Pictures", "inLanguage": "fi", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "ETLA Economic Research", "url": "https://www.etla.fi", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://www.etla.fi/wp-content/uploads/logo-etla_logo.svg" } }, "datePublished": "2026-04-15T00:00:00+00:00", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Alho, Juha" } ], "abstract": "", "keywords": [ { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Fertility", "@language": "en" }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Age distribution", "@language": "en" }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Mortality", "@language": "en" }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Migration", "@language": "en" }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Population development", "@language": "en" }, { "@type": "DefinedTerm", "name": "Finland", "@language": "en" } ], "isPartOf": { "@type": "PublicationIssue", "issueNumber": "138", "isPartOf": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "ETLA Working Papers", "issn": [ "2323-2420", "2323-2439" ] } }, "mainEntityOfPage": "https://www.etla.fi/en/publications/working-papers-en/demografiikka-vaestokuvasto/", "url": "https://www.etla.fi/en/publications/working-papers-en/demografiikka-vaestokuvasto/", "hasPart": { "@type": "CreativeWork", "inLanguage": "en", "text": "The recent drastic decline of fertility has further worsened the negative intrinsic growth of Finland. 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