research and development

Tässä tutkimuksessa simuloidaan lääkekehitykseen suuntautuneiden pienten ja keskisuurten biotekniikkayritysten tulevaisuutta, erityispainopisteenä kansantaloudelliset implikaatiot. Simulaatiossa huomioidaan vaihtoehtoisia kehityspolkuja, joiden avulla on arvioitu erilaisten liiketoimintamallien toimialakohtainen kasvuvaikutus. Koska simulaation lähtökohtana ovat yhtiöiden vuonna 2004 ilmaisemat kehityskelpoiset hankkeet, laskee projektien lukumäärä simulaation myöhemmässä vaiheessa verraten pieneksi ja markkina-arvon kehitys riippuu täysin siitä, mitkä yksittäiset projektit pääsevät eteenpäin. Simulaatio

We compare different tax incentive schemes for private R&D investments using a numerical model of R&D-investments and firm dynamics. We find that tax incentives that are based on the incremental annual spending increase firms’ R&D spending much more than tax incentives that are based on the level of R&D spending. However, incremental incentives also distort

Companies face an expanding set of choices about where to locate their innovation activity, both within their home countries and abroad. This location choice also requires firms to make a simultaneous choice about the organizational structure of innovation activity : almost by definition, multiple locations per firm imply some degree of decentralization. Using firm-level data

This study analyses the extent and motives of outsourcing and offshoring. We find that in early 2000, 10, 000 – 23, 000 jobs were transferred overseas from Finland. Annually this corresponds to approximately 1.0 – 2.5% of normal job losses and creations in the Finnish labour market. The majority of offshored jobs concern manufacturing tasks.

An increasing number of countries support private R&D activity by fiscal incentives in response to the tightening international tax competition. Consequently, the importance of direct R&D subsidies is diminishing. This paper describes R&D tax incentive mechanisms in OECD countries and surveys the evidence on the effectiveness of tax incentives on R&D. Despite patchy and partly

Publication year: 2005 Pages: 14 Price: 10€ Language: English Discussion Papers no. 971