Discussion Papers

Less than a tenth of Finnish firms’ CEOs and chairmen of the board are women; less than a fourth of Finnish firms’ board members are women. An empirical regression analysis of a large firm-level data set suggests that a company led by a women CEO is on average about ten per cent more profitable than

Using data from the Finnish private sector, this paper shows that giving birth to a child has negative effects on the mother’s wage. Analysis of the reasons for the wage penalty associated with motherhood suggests that the loss of human capital during the child-related career break is an important factor behind the motherhood wage penalty.

A company’s intellectual capital consists of a set of various non-physical sources of value, such as employee competencies, stakeholder relationships and patents. This paper examines the relationship between intellectual capital and productivity at company-level. It is based on a conceptual study aiming to understand the relationship as well as two statistical studies aiming to describe

We study how upgrading the skills of the personnel affects a firm’s performance. Two different strategies are examined : 1) providing formal training and 2) strategic recruitment and separation policy. The use of register-based longitudinal employer-employee data supplemented with a survey on vocational training provides an opportunity to shed fresh light on the issue and

R&D activities by one industry often have positive effects on the productivity performance of other industries, as a consequence of technology spillovers. Econometric problems (such as multicollinearity), however, have prevented researchers from identifying the industries that have been responsible for the most important technology spillovers. This paper proposes an alternative estimation approach (Generalized Maximum Entropy

This paper examines the relationship between relative income inequality and health in Finland, using individual microdata over the period 1993-2005. Our data allows us to analyse a large spectrum of health indicators. Overall, our results suggest that income inequality is not associated with increased morbidity in the population. The results for women differ to quite