B-series

First, the current situation of the economic relations between Finland and Russia is described. Then the effects of future changes in Russia and its consequences for foreign relations are analysed. Key institutional changes under consideration are the enlargement of the EU, Russia’s likely membership in the WTO, the future economic agreements between the EU and

Lack of capital has for long, if not always, been perceived as one of the most important impediments to economic activity in Finland – the Achilles heel of the Finnish economy. This volume takes a long-term perspective on this perception. It considers how the Finnish financial system and the financing of Finnish firms have advanced

This book presents the Northwest Russian metal industries and the most important companies, and examines their competitiveness and future prospects. Metal industry plays an important role in Northwest Russia. Its share in the industrial output is over 20%. The transition from the socialistic economy to the market economy, and privatization have reshaped the industries. In

Northwest Russia and particularly St. Petersburg were a globally important development center for information and communication technologies (ICT) during 1850-1950. The region’s position of strength deteriorated after this period as a consequence of the choices made about technology and Soviet secrecy. However, the region and its ICT industries still enjoy the benefits of education provision,

Energy industries in Russia and in Northwest Russia in particular are of the utmost importance and occupy the largest shares in the total industrial production and exports. Northwest Russia is developing into the major export hub for the Russian energy exports. It means that the appropriate infrastructure and potential to establish processing facilities are created

This study examines the Northwest Russian forest industry, traditionally the region’s most important industry, its competitiveness and future prospects. The transition to the market economy and privatization have left their mark on the industry. Demand and markets have changed, requiring new strategies, operation models and industrial policy. The book analyzes competitiveness employing the so-called cluster