The Global Energy Markets in a Strong Change

The fossil energy markets are in a rapid change due to rising use of non-conventional resources of crude oil and natural gas especially in the US. In Europe the Polish production is expected to start in the next few years, although environmental concerns delay the beginning. This new production prompted by strongly risen crude oil […]

A shaky signal for an upturn in the Euro area

According to the April estimate of the Eurogrowth indicator, conceived by Euroframe, the real GDP growth in the euro area could turn positive in the first quarter of 2013 (+0.3 percent). However, this rebound, which may partially compensate for the steep decline at the end of last year, could be short-lived since the growth rate […]

Virkola, Tuomo

Structural Budget Balance

Euro Area member states have agreed to introduce a structural budget balance target to their national legislation (Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance). However, there exists no commonly agreed methodology to calculate this macroeconomic indicator. This report presents the conceptual framework underlying the calculation of structural fiscal balances as suggested by different international organizations such […]

AIECE General Report

A report for the spring meeting of AIECE on May 2-4, 2013 on economic developments in Europe and the Euro Area.

Services: A New Source of Value

The Global Energy Markets in a Strong Change

The fossil energy markets are in a rapid change due to rising use of non-conventional resources of crude oil and natural gas especially in the US. In Europe the Polish production is expected to start in the next few years, although environmental concerns delay the beginning. This new production prompted by strongly risen crude oil […]

A shaky signal for an upturn in the Euro area

According to the April estimate of the Eurogrowth indicator, conceived by Euroframe, the real GDP growth in the euro area could turn positive in the first quarter of 2013 (+0.3 percent). However, this rebound, which may partially compensate for the steep decline at the end of last year, could be short-lived since the growth rate […]

Virkola, Tuomo

Structural Budget Balance

Euro Area member states have agreed to introduce a structural budget balance target to their national legislation (Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance). However, there exists no commonly agreed methodology to calculate this macroeconomic indicator. This report presents the conceptual framework underlying the calculation of structural fiscal balances as suggested by different international organizations such […]

AIECE General Report

A report for the spring meeting of AIECE on May 2-4, 2013 on economic developments in Europe and the Euro Area.

Services: A New Source of Value